![]() Genotyping is useful in resolving grouping problems, particularly weak and partial D types (see section 15.2). panels of monoclonal anti-D reagents are commercially available for the investigation of partial and weak D phenotypes.consider additional investigations which may include adsorption/elution, and flow cytometry.recent non-ABO identical transfusion, haemopoietic cell transplant) obtain the patient’s history, and review for information which may explain results (e.g.Unexpectedly weak or mixed field reactions in forward or D group: warm wash to remove IgM) and repeat tests with appropriate controls. consider techniques to remove or reduce immunoglobulin coating (e.g.consider repeating tests using unpotentiated reagents in tube techniques.check for immunoglobulin coating of the patient’s cells by performing a direct antiglobulin test (DAT).Unexpected reactions in the forward or D grouping, including positive diluent control: consider repeating the reverse group using cells negative for any identified alloantibody.consider repeating the reverse group at 37 ☌.investigate the presence of allo- or autoantibodies active at temperatures below 37 ☌.Unexpected additional reactions in the reverse group: repeat the reverse group, increasing the sensitivity of the test, consider the use of tube techniques, lower incubation temperature, increased plasma:cell ratio and enzyme-treated red cells.obtain the patient’s history, and review for information which may explain missing agglutinin (e.g.When anomalous ABO groups are encountered laboratory protocols should support investigation of the following findings. Fully automated ABO and D grouping procedures have significantly improved the accuracy and security of results, and should be used wherever possible. Annex 6: Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs)ĭownload as PDF 13.3: Pre-transfusion testing 13.3.1: Resolution of anomalous groupingĪBO grouping is the most important pre-transfusion serological test performed.Annex 5: Blood Components for Contingency Use.Annex 2: ISBT 128 check character calculation.Annex 1: Standards available from NIBSC.27: Specification for labelling consumables used in therapeutic product production.26: Specification for blood pack base labels.25: Standards for electronic data interchange within the UK Blood Transfusion Services.24: Specification for the uniform labelling of human tissue products using ISBT 128. ![]()
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